How To Talk To References
There is one primary rule about talking to references. It's very simple. Don't be scary.
Maybe you're the kind of person who likes to have your intimidation voice on when you're talking to candidates, but calling a reference is not the same as conducting an interview. This person has information that you need, and you want them to like you.
1) Explain the situation. "I've got an open position here at [my company], and I recently had an interview with [name]. They listed you as a reference. Can I ask how you know them?"
2) Make yourself look weak. This might be counterintuitive, but it's the best way to get someone to open up. "The last person we hired was just awful and I'm really trying not to have another bad experience. I really want to find someone good."
3) Put the reference in a position of power. "Can you help me out? If you can just answer a couple questions for me, you'd be doing me a huge favor."
4) Proceed with questions. "Now, honestly, and no one will know what you say except the two of us..." Be sure to ask about strengths, weaknesses, work ethic, intelligence, attitude, and personality.
Be suspicious of answers that sound rehearsed, but be aware that you are very unlikely to run into rehearsed answers. Some references, especially past employers fearing legal ramifications, will not give you any information beyond the length of time that your candidate worked for their company. Try to persuade them by appealing to their human side and saying that you really need their help (which is true), but don't waste your time trying to change their minds if they are set on keeping their mouths shut.
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